What is speech language pathology?

In my previous post, I went over how I discovered the field of speech-language pathology and how I started pursuing my master's. But before we get into my journey, let's make sure that we are on the same page about what speech pathology is?

According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, "Speech Pathologists work to prevent, assess, diagnose, and treat speech, language, social communication, cognitive-communication, and swallowing disorders in children and adults."

    Image from Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Arkansas (Link below)

Let's review each type of disorder so that you can get a clearer understanding of what speech pathologists actually do. 

Speech - When someone has a speech disorder, some of the characteristics they might demonstrate are difficulty making speech sounds (vowels, consonants, syllables ...). They might not be able to speak fluently (think of stuttering). Voice problems (pitch, resonance, loudness...) might also be a concern. 

Language

With a language disorder, someone might have difficulties understanding what they hear, talk about their ideas or thoughts. So with a language disorder, the difficulties might be in various formats (writing, speaking, sign). 

Social 

A social communication disorder usually means some difficulties with social interactions (verbal and/or nonverbal). Some disorders such as autism entail some form of social communication disorder. 

Cognitive 

Cognitive communication disorders have to do with the brain and how thoughts, planning, and other executive functions are processed and initiated. Usually, cognitive, communicative disorders can occur due to a stroke, traumatic brain injury, and any disease/accident that affects the brain. 

Swallowing 

Last but not least, swallowing disorders. Swallowing disorders encompass difficulties with eating (chewing, tongue movement, swallowing). These disorders can be the results of an illness and/or injury (including brain injury).

        Image credit goes to Accessible Speech-Language Pathology PLLC (Link below)

I hope whoever is reading this had a bit more understanding of the field and what it entails. I will put some links at the end of the post for some resources for a speech pathologist's different scope of practice. As promised, this information will also be posted in French! Likely sometime later today or tomorrow. 

My next post will review the credentials you need to work in the field and the different types of jobs that you can get as a speech-language pathologist.

Resources 

Accessible Speech-Language Pathology PLLC

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Arkansas

University of ST. Augustine - What is speech-language pathology?